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Declining sex ratios in Canada

B B Allan¹, R Brant, J E Seidel

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary, Alta.

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne

|January 1, 1997

Summary

The male proportion of live births in Canada significantly decreased after 1970, a trend also observed in the United States. This decline in sex ratio may indicate changes in reproductive health.

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Area of Science:

Demography
Public Health
Reproductive Epidemiology

Background:

The sex ratio at birth is a key demographic indicator.
Understanding trends in the sex ratio is crucial for monitoring population health.
Previous studies have explored variations in sex ratios, but long-term trends require ongoing analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze trends in the proportion of male live births in Canada from 1930 to 1990.
To compare these trends with those observed in the United States during the same period.
To investigate regional variations within Canada.

Main Methods:

Analysis of Canadian census data.
Inclusion of all live births recorded between 1930 and 1990.
Calculation of the sex ratio, defined as the proportion of male births per total live births, overall and by region.

Main Results:

A significant decrease in the male proportion of live births was observed in Canada after 1970 (p < 0.001).
This decrease represented a cumulative loss of 2.2 male births per 1000 live births from 1970 to 1990.
The United States also showed a significant decrease in the male proportion from 1970 to 1990 (p < 0.001), though less pronounced than in Canada.

Conclusions:

The declining sex ratio in Canada warrants further investigation into potential causes and implications for biological markers.
The study highlights the utility of the sex ratio as a population-level measure of reproductive health.
Monitoring sex ratio trends can serve as an indicator for the reproductive well-being of large populations.

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