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Declining sex ratios in Canada

B B Allan1, R Brant, J E Seidel

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary, Alta.

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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The male proportion of live births in Canada significantly decreased after 1970, a trend also observed in the United States. This decline in sex ratio may indicate changes in reproductive health.

Area of Science:

  • Demography
  • Public Health
  • Reproductive Epidemiology

Background:

  • The sex ratio at birth is a key demographic indicator.
  • Understanding trends in the sex ratio is crucial for monitoring population health.
  • Previous studies have explored variations in sex ratios, but long-term trends require ongoing analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in the proportion of male live births in Canada from 1930 to 1990.
  • To compare these trends with those observed in the United States during the same period.
  • To investigate regional variations within Canada.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Canadian census data.
  • Inclusion of all live births recorded between 1930 and 1990.
  • Calculation of the sex ratio, defined as the proportion of male births per total live births, overall and by region.

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Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in the male proportion of live births was observed in Canada after 1970 (p < 0.001).
  • This decrease represented a cumulative loss of 2.2 male births per 1000 live births from 1970 to 1990.
  • The United States also showed a significant decrease in the male proportion from 1970 to 1990 (p < 0.001), though less pronounced than in Canada.

Conclusions:

  • The declining sex ratio in Canada warrants further investigation into potential causes and implications for biological markers.
  • The study highlights the utility of the sex ratio as a population-level measure of reproductive health.
  • Monitoring sex ratio trends can serve as an indicator for the reproductive well-being of large populations.