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Related Experiment Videos

Sarcomatoid carcinomas: pathological and histopathogenetic considerations

M Guarino1, P Tricomi, F Giordano

  • 1Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hospital of Vimercate, Italy.

Pathology
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Sarcomatoid carcinomas are rare tumors with both carcinomatous and sarcomatous features. This review proposes a unifying mechanism of phenotypic conversion, aiding diagnosis and understanding of these complex neoplasms.

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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Oncology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Malignant tumors with mixed phenotypes, specifically sarcomatoid carcinomas, present diagnostic challenges due to varied nomenclature and uncertain histogenesis.
  • These neoplasms exhibit both epithelial (carcinomatous) and mesenchymal (sarcomatous) characteristics, occurring across diverse anatomical locations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the morphological and immunohistological features of sarcomatoid carcinomas.
  • To propose a unifying histopathogenetic mechanism for these tumors, focusing on phenotypic conversion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of morphological aspects and immunohistochemical characterization.
  • Analysis of electron microscopy findings.
  • Literature review of experimental and clinicopathological data.

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Main Results:

  • Sarcomatoid carcinomas display characteristic transitional morphology between carcinomatous and sarcomatous components.
  • Epithelial markers are detected in the sarcomatous component via immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.
  • A proposed mechanism involves the phenotypic conversion of carcinoma cells into a sarcomatoid phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Phenotypic conversion offers a unifying explanation for the histogenesis of sarcomatoid carcinomas.
  • Understanding this mechanism aids in accurate pathological diagnosis and classification.
  • Further research into experimental systems and clinicopathological observations supports this proposed mechanism.