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Variation in the pattern of bacterial infection in patients with sickle cell disease requiring admission

R M Akuse1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|December 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

Bacterial infections are common in children with sickle cell disease (SCD), with Staphylococcus aureus being the most prevalent. This study highlights lower rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, impacting vaccination strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) increases susceptibility to bacterial infections.
  • Understanding infection patterns in SCD is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous studies often report different prevalent pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and patterns of bacterial infections in children with SCD presenting with acute illness.
  • To compare local findings with international data.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 304 children with SCD (3 months to 15 years).
  • Collected blood and urine cultures, with additional cultures based on clinical condition.
  • Analyzed bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial resistance patterns.

Main Results:

  • Nearly 60% of patients had positive bacterial cultures.
  • Gram-negative organisms accounted for 55% of infections.
  • Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated organism.
  • Strikingly low isolation rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitides were observed.

Conclusions:

  • The observed bacterial infection patterns in children with SCD differ from Western reports.
  • Findings suggest a need to re-evaluate vaccination programs for SCD.
  • Implications for initial antibiotic treatment strategies in acute illness are discussed.

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