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Related Experiment Videos

Calcium and cGMP target distinct phytochrome-responsive elements

Y Wu1, K Hiratsuka, G Neuhaus

  • 1Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021-6399, USA.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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This study identifies specific DNA sequences (cis-elements) in plants that respond to calcium and cyclic GMP (cGMP) signaling pathways, revealing how phytochrome A regulates gene expression through these distinct molecular signals.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Photobiology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Phytochrome A (phyA) mediates light responses in plants, influencing gene expression.
  • Previous studies indicated phyA-dependent gene activation involves calcium and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP).
  • The specific DNA elements (cis-elements) targeted by these signaling molecules remained unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify promoter cis-elements responsive to calcium and cGMP signaling pathways.
  • To elucidate the roles of Box II and Unit I cis-elements in phyA-mediated gene regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed reporter gene fusions using Box II and Unit I cis-elements linked to minimal promoters (-90 and -46 35S promoters).
  • Microinjected constructs into tomato cells along with phytochrome A (phyA) and activators of G proteins.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene activity in response to calcium, cGMP, and specific antagonists.

    • Main Results:

    • Box II cis-element activity was induced by calcium, independent of cGMP, and mediated by phyA.
    • Unit I cis-element activity was induced by cGMP, dependent on phyA, and sensitive to cGMP antagonists.
    • Reciprocal repression was observed, where high cGMP inhibited calcium-induced Box II activity, and high calcium/CaM inhibited cGMP-induced Unit I activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Box II and Unit I function as distinct cis-elements targeted by calcium and cGMP signaling pathways, respectively.
    • These cis-elements are crucial for differential regulation of phyA-responsive genes.
    • The findings reveal reciprocal control mechanisms between calcium and cGMP pathways in phyA signaling.