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Related Experiment Videos

BMP-2/-4 mediate programmed cell death in chicken limb buds

Y Yokouchi1, J Sakiyama, T Kameda

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Japan.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)-2 and -4 induce programmed cell death during chick limb development. Blocking BMP signaling prevents cell death, leading to excess webbing, indicating BMPs regulate limb patterning via apoptosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Programmed cell death is crucial for limb development, eliminating mesenchymal cells in specific necrotic zones.
  • Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)-2 and -4 transcripts are detected in these cell death areas, suggesting a role in apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of BMP-2 and BMP-4 in limb pattern formation and programmed cell death during chick limb development.
  • To determine if BMP-2 and BMP-4 act as apoptotic signals in limb development.

Main Methods:

  • Overexpression of a dominant-negative BMP receptor in chick leg buds using a retrovirus to inhibit BMP signaling.
  • Analysis of cell death and webbing formation in treated limb buds.
  • In vitro apoptosis assays using isolated mesenchymal cells and BMP-2/-4 proteins.

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Main Results:

  • Inhibition of BMP signaling led to suppressed regression of webbing in interdigital regions and excess webbing formation in anterior and posterior regions.
  • A significant reduction in apoptotic cells was observed in necrotic zones of limb buds with inhibited BMP signaling.
  • BMP-2/-4 proteins induced apoptosis in isolated mesenchymal cells, while TGFbeta1 and Activin did not.

Conclusions:

  • BMP-2 and BMP-4 signaling are essential for programmed cell death in chick limb necrotic zones.
  • BMP-2 and BMP-4 act as specific apoptotic signal molecules regulating limb patterning through cell death.