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On the horizon: new options for contraception
1School of Nursing, University of Texas, Austin 78701, USA.
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN
|January 1, 1997
Summary
Future contraceptives include improved existing methods and novel approaches like hormonal therapies, vaccines, and sperm-immobilizing agents. Funding for research and development is crucial for their availability.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Contraceptive Technology
Background:
- Existing contraceptive methods are continually being refined.
- Novel contraceptive strategies are under development globally.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and future contraceptive methods.
- To highlight the importance of research and development funding.
Main Methods:
- Review of emerging contraceptive technologies.
- Analysis of hormonal and non-hormonal approaches for males and females.
- Assessment of factors influencing contraceptive availability.
Main Results:
- Innovations include new oral contraceptives, implants, injectables, spermicides, and IUDs.
- Emerging methods involve sperm-immobilizing agents, hormonal agonists/antagonists, vaccines, and endogenous hormones.
- Male contraceptives focus on testosterone suppression and sperm immobilization.
Conclusions:
- A wide array of future contraceptive options are in development.
- Adequate research, development, and testing funding is critical for contraceptive availability.
- Current funding levels pose a risk to the future of contraceptive innovation.