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Reasoning and learning by analogy

D Gentner1, K J Holyoak

  • 1Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. gentner@nwu.edu

The American Psychologist
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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Analogy is a key cognitive process for learning and inference. This review explores its history in cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and philosophy of science.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Philosophy of Science

Background:

  • Analogy is a fundamental cognitive mechanism enabling inference and abstraction.
  • Understanding analogy is crucial for cognitive science research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of analogy research.
  • To highlight key contributions from cognitive psychology, AI, and philosophy of science.
  • To introduce subsequent articles on the topic.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of scientific literature.
  • Synthesis of findings from cognitive psychology.
  • Examination of artificial intelligence approaches to analogy.
  • Analysis of philosophical perspectives on analogy.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • The historical trajectory of analogy research is complex and multidisciplinary.
  • Significant advancements have been made through interdisciplinary collaboration.
  • Analogy remains a vital area for future scientific inquiry.

Conclusions:

  • Analogy research has a rich history spanning multiple scientific disciplines.
  • Interdisciplinary perspectives enrich our understanding of analogical reasoning.
  • This review provides a foundation for further exploration of analogy.