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Related Experiment Videos

CD21 augments antigen presentation in immune individuals

S A Boackle1, V M Holers, D R Karp

  • 1Simmons Arthritis Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-8884, USA.

European Journal of Immunology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Complement receptor 2 (CD21) binds complement-coated immune complexes to B cells, enhancing antigen presentation. Higher CD21 expression on B cells leads to more efficient antigen processing and T cell responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Complement System
  • B cell Biology

Background:

  • CD21 (complement receptor 2, CR2) is a key receptor involved in complement activation.
  • It binds C3 degradation products like iC3b and C3d, which are attached to antigens or immune complexes.
  • B cells play a crucial role in presenting antigens to T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CD21 in the presentation of immune complexes by B cells.
  • To determine if complement-coated immune complexes enhance B cell antigen presentation compared to non-complement-coated complexes.
  • To assess the impact of CD21 expression levels on B cell antigen processing efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Influenza virus was incubated with immune serum to create complement-containing immune complexes.

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  • Binding of these complexes to CD21 on transfected cells and B cell lines was measured using microcytofluorimetry.
  • T cell clone responses were measured after B cells were pulsed with different types of immune complexes.

    • Main Results:

    • Complement-containing immune complexes bound specifically to CD21, and this binding was dependent on active serum complement.
    • B cells pulsed with complement-coated complexes showed an augmented T cell response compared to those with non-complement-coated complexes.
    • Higher CD21 expression on B cells correlated with increased efficiency in antigen processing.

    Conclusions:

    • CD21-mediated binding of complement-antigen immune complexes is critical for B cell antigen presentation in immune individuals.
    • The level of CD21 expression influences the efficiency of antigen processing by B cells.
    • This mechanism highlights the importance of the complement system in bridging innate and adaptive immunity for effective antigen presentation.