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P53 gene mutations in osteosarcomas in the dog
I S van Leeuwen1, C J Cornelisse, W Misdorp
1Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Cancer Letters
|January 1, 1997
Summary
p53 gene mutations were identified in four of 17 primary canine osteosarcomas. These mutations were not found in the corresponding metastases, suggesting a role in primary tumor development.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Canine Cancer Research
Background:
- Osteosarcoma is a common primary bone tumor in dogs.
- The p53 tumor suppressor gene plays a critical role in preventing cancer.
- Mutations in p53 are frequently observed in various cancers, but their role in canine osteosarcoma is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and types of p53 mutations in canine osteosarcomas.
- To determine if p53 mutations are associated with primary tumor development or metastasis in dogs.
Main Methods:
- Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was used to screen for p53 mutations in exons 4-8 of 18 canine osteosarcomas.
- Sequence analysis was performed on tumors with abnormal SSCP bands.
- p53 status in primary tumors and available metastases was compared.
Main Results:
- p53 mutations were detected in 4 out of 17 primary osteosarcoma tumors analyzed.
- The identified alterations included three missense mutations and one 3 bp insertion.
- Metastatic samples from two dogs with wild-type p53 in their primary tumors did not show mutations. p53 mutations were not found in metastases from one dog where the primary tumor was not studied.
Conclusions:
- p53 mutations occur in a subset of canine osteosarcomas.
- The findings suggest that p53 alterations may be involved in the development of primary canine osteosarcoma rather than its metastatic spread.