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Exfoliative dermatitis associated with diltiazem

M Odeh1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine B, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Technion Faculty of Medicine, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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Calcium channel blockers like diltiazem can cause exfoliative dermatitis, a rare but serious skin reaction. Increased awareness is crucial for recognizing and managing these adverse cutaneous events.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used for cardiovascular conditions.
  • Adverse cutaneous reactions to CCBs, though infrequent, are documented.
  • Exfoliative dermatitis represents a severe skin manifestation of CCB toxicity.

Observation:

  • A case of a 77-year-old woman treated with diltiazem for angina pectoris is presented.
  • The patient developed severe exfoliative dermatitis within three days of initiating diltiazem therapy.
  • This highlights a potential adverse drug reaction to a commonly prescribed CCB.

Findings:

  • The presented case underscores the association between diltiazem and exfoliative dermatitis.
  • Literature review indicates CCBs can induce severe dermatologic responses.

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  • Other serious reactions include toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and cutaneous vasculitis.

    • Implications:

    • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for CCB-induced dermatologic reactions.
    • Prompt recognition and withdrawal of the offending agent are critical for patient outcomes.
    • Further research into the mechanisms and risk factors for CCB-associated skin reactions is warranted.