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Stochastic mechanisms in gene expression

H H McAdams, A Arkin

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |February 4, 1997
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Stochastic gene expression, characterized by random protein bursts, drives cell-to-cell variations in regulatory networks. This explains diverse phenotypes observed even in genetically identical cell populations.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Systems Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Cellular regulatory networks control gene activity through molecular signals.
    • Gene expression involves complex processes from transcription initiation to translation termination.
    • Understanding protein accumulation rates is crucial for modeling genetic pathways.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the chemical reactions governing transcript initiation and translation termination in a single gene regulatory link.
    • To simulate gene expression dynamics and understand protein production bursts.
    • To explore how stochasticity in gene expression influences regulatory pathway outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of chemical reactions controlling transcript initiation and translation termination.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Computer simulations of gene expression processes.
  • Modeling of genetically coupled gene expression links.

    • Main Results:

    • Gene expression produces proteins in random, variable bursts at unpredictable intervals.
    • Significant temporal variations occur in regulatory cascades across cell populations.
    • Stochastic expression of competitive effectors leads to probabilistic regulatory pathway choices.

    Conclusions:

    • Random gene expression patterns can lead to cell population partitioning into distinct phenotypes.
    • Stochastic mechanisms offer a potential explanation for unexplained phenotypic variations in isogenic cell populations.
    • This study provides a foundation for modeling complex cellular regulatory networks.