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Crewmember interactions during a Mir space station simulation

N Kanas1, D S Weiss, C R Marmar

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Crew tension and mood disturbances were higher early in a space mission simulation, contrary to expectations. Leader support positively impacted crew cohesion, highlighting the importance of interpersonal dynamics in isolated environments.

Area of Science:

  • Space exploration
  • Human factors in extreme environments
  • Psychological research

Background:

  • Interpersonal issues can negatively impact long-duration space missions.
  • Problems arise from crew tension, disrupted cohesion, and unclear leadership.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test hypotheses regarding crew tension, dysphoria, cohesion, and leadership during a space mission simulation.
  • To investigate the displacement of tension and dysphoria to monitoring personnel.
  • To examine the effect of leader support and control on crew cohesion.

Main Methods:

  • A 135-day space station simulation (Mir) was conducted in Moscow.
  • Crewmembers completed weekly mood and group climate questionnaires.
  • A log of stressful events was maintained throughout the study.
Keywords:
Non-programmatic

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Main Results:

  • Contrary to hypotheses, mood disturbance and tension were higher in the first 9 weeks than the subsequent 10 weeks.
  • Crew cohesion remained stable but decreased significantly in the final third of the mission.
  • Evidence supported the displacement of tension to monitoring personnel and indicated positive correlations between leader support/control and cohesion.

Conclusions:

  • Crew tension, cohesion, and leadership are critical factors in isolated, confined environments.
  • Further research is needed to understand these dynamics in actual space missions.