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Dopamine and sympathoadrenal activity in man

M Mannelli1, C Lazzeri, L Ianni

  • 1Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Italy.

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993)
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Bromocriptine (BC) reduces blood pressure and plasma norepinephrine by inhibiting sympathetic adrenal activity, primarily peripherally via D2 presynaptic receptors. This increases cardiac sympathetic tone without altering heart rate.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research

Background:

  • Dopamine (DA) modulates sympathetic adrenal (SA) activity via D2 receptors.
  • Endogenous DA inhibits SA system during high activation; D2 agonists decrease norepinephrine (NE) release.
  • In vivo D2 agonist effects on sympathetic tone vary due to baroreceptor reflexes overriding direct inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the in vivo effect of bromocriptine (BC) on plasma catecholamines (CA) and cardiac sympatho-vagal balance.
  • To assess the impact of acute oral BC on heart rate variability (HRV) in resting and sitting positions.

Main Methods:

  • 7 healthy volunteers received placebo or acute oral bromocriptine (BC).
  • Plasma catecholamines (CA) and cardiac sympatho-vagal balance were assessed.

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  • Power spectral analysis of heart rate (HR) variability (autoregressive method) was used to calculate low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) components and LF/HF ratio.

    • Main Results:

    • BC decreased blood pressure (BP) and plasma NE, with no change in HR.
    • Plasma epinephrine (E) increased in the sitting position.
    • BC increased LF and LF/HF ratio, decreasing HF at rest, indicating increased sympathetic tone without heart rate change.

    Conclusions:

    • Bromocriptine (BC) reduces BP and plasma NE, suggesting peripheral inhibition of the sympathetic adrenal system via D2 presynaptic receptors.
    • BC increases cardiac sympathetic tone (LF/HF ratio) without affecting heart rate, highlighting a complex interplay between central and peripheral autonomic regulation.