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Motion direction discrimination in blind hemifields

J J Barton1, J A Sharpe

  • 1Division of Neurology, The Toronto Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Annals of Neurology
|February 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Even with spared motion processing areas, patients with visual field defects cannot discriminate motion direction using random dot cinematograms. This suggests the spared area is insufficient for residual motion perception.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Neuro-ophthalmology

Background:

  • Homonymous visual field defects can result from unilateral cerebral hemispheric lesions.
  • The lateral occipitotemporal cortex is hypothesized to be a key area for motion processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether sparing the putative motion area is sufficient for residual motion direction discrimination in patients with visual field defects.
  • To assess the role of specific lesion locations in the occipital lobe and optic radiations on motion perception.

Main Methods:

  • Ten patients with unilateral cerebral hemispheric lesions causing contralateral homonymous visual field defects were tested.
  • Motion direction discrimination was assessed using random dot cinematograms (RDCs) with varying signal/noise ratios.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Eye position was monitored to ensure fixation; a frequency of discrimination experiment was also conducted on a subgroup.

    • Main Results:

    • No patient, regardless of lesion location (medial occipital vs. lateral occipitotemporal/optic radiations), could discriminate motion direction above chance levels using RDCs.
    • Performance did not differ between patients with medial occipital lesions and those with lesions affecting the lateral occipitotemporal cortex or optic radiations.
    • A subgroup with medial occipital lesions also failed to discriminate motion direction in a frequency of discrimination experiment.

    Conclusions:

    • Sparing the putative motion processing area in the lateral occipitotemporal cortex is not sufficient for residual motion direction discrimination in patients with homonymous visual field defects.
    • These findings challenge the sufficiency of this specific area for blindsight-like motion perception in RDCs.
    • Lesion location within the visual pathway significantly impacts the ability to perceive motion direction in RDCs.