Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 31, 2026
16:37
Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization
Published on: August 5, 2008
The Human Genome Project: view from the Department of Energy
1Health and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy, Germantown, Maryland, USA.
Journal of the American Medical Women'S Association (1972)
|January 1, 1997
Summary
The Human Genome Project (HGP) sequenced human DNA to understand individual differences and advance medicine. This groundbreaking research has broad implications for biology, health care, and biotechnology.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- The Human Genome Project (HGP) was initiated by the Department of Energy (DOE) and co-managed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and DOE.
- The project stemmed from the DOE's long-standing interest in detecting genetic changes from radiation and understanding health effects.
- The DOE national laboratory system provided essential multidisciplinary research, engineering, and high-performance computing resources.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine a representative and complete sequence of human DNA.
- To understand the genetic basis of individual differences.
- To provide resources for advancements in medicine, biology, and biotechnology.
Main Methods:
- DNA sequencing of a typical human cell.
- Utilizing high-performance computing for data analysis.
- Integrating ethical, legal, and societal implications (ELSI) research.
Main Results:
- Generation of a comprehensive human DNA sequence.
- Establishment of a foundational resource for biological and medical research.
- Identification of genetic variations contributing to individual uniqueness.
Conclusions:
- The Human Genome Project will revolutionize biological sciences and healthcare.
- Knowledge of the human genome promises significant advancements in sustainable development.
- The inclusion of ELSI research ensures responsible application of genomic information.
Related Concept Videos
01:44Complementary DNA
Overview
02:02Genomics
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
03:06From DNA to Protein
The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
02:34DNA Microarrays
Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
03:00Next-generation Sequencing
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
01:28Human Genetics
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...