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Related Experiment Videos

[Hemichorea and striatal infarction]

F Zagnoli1, F Rouhart, P Perotte

  • 1Service de Neurologie, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées, Brest.

Revue Neurologique
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Arterial ischemic stroke in the striatum can cause hemichorea, a movement disorder. This occurs due to damage to specific neurons, but the condition is often temporary due to regulatory circuits.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Hemichorea is a rare hyperkinetic movement disorder.
  • Arterial ischemic stroke is a potential cause of hemichorea.

Observation:

  • Two cases of hemichorea associated with contralateral striatal arterial ischemic stroke are presented.
  • A review of 28 similar cases from the literature is included.

Findings:

  • The pathogenesis involves GABAergic and enkephalinergic neurons in the striatal matrix projecting to the external globus pallidus.
  • Damage to striatal neurons in indirect striato-thalamo-cortical pathways may disinhibit thalamic and cortical structures, causing choreiform movements.
  • The rarity of this phenomenon is attributed to the distribution of enkephalinergic neurons and vascular territories.

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  • The transient nature of these movements is explained by regulatory circuits, including striato-nigro-striatal and cortico-striato-nigro-thalamo-cortical pathways.

    • Implications:

    • The findings question the role of pure thalamic involvement in choreic movements.
    • Understanding the pathophysiology of stroke-induced hemichorea can inform treatment strategies.
    • Further research into the complex circuitry of the basal ganglia is warranted.