Simultaneous intra- and extra-uterine pregnancy with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after induction of ovulation:...

We present a case of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that developed simultaneous intra- and extra-uterine pregnancy with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) after induction of ovulation with pure FSH-HCG. At 9 weeks of pregnancy, the bilateral tubal pregnancy caused an imminent spontaneous abortion, and both Fallopian tubes were resected. After the laparotomy, the pregnancy progressed without problems until 31 weeks and 5 days of pregnancy, when signs of spontaneous abortion appeared, and healthy twin female babies were delivered by cesarean section. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy is increasing in cases in which inducers of ovulation or ART, such as IVF-ET and GIFT, have been employed. One must be well aware that the danger of heterotopic pregnancy following induction of ovulation is imminent, particularly in cases with risk factors of multiple and/or extra-uterine pregnancy, such as PCOS, a history of tubal restoration, and sexually transmitted disease(s).