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The relationship between the sinus node and the right atrial appendage

J R Taylor1, A J Taylor

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg.

The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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The right atrium

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Anatomy
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology

Background:

  • The developmental anatomy of the right atrium's sinus venarum and atrial portions remains unclear.
  • The terminal crest, a muscular band formed during embryonic development, separates these regions.
  • This structure's function is debated, with hypotheses suggesting it's more than a remnant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional anatomy of the right atrium.
  • To clarify the role of the terminal crest and right atrial appendage.
  • To understand the blood supply to the heart's conduction system.

Main Methods:

  • Gross and microscopic examination of 54 adult human hearts.
  • Ink perfusion and clearing techniques to visualize Thebesian sinusoids in adult and fetal hearts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation of anatomical structures with sinus node location.

    • Main Results:

    • The sinus node was found to coincide with the terminal crest's undercut portion and pectinate muscles.
    • Thebesian sinusoids and interpectinate spaces were localized to the sinus node area.
    • These findings highlight a distinct structural organization of the right atrium.

    Conclusions:

    • The right atrial appendage, pectinate muscles, and terminal crest likely evolved to supply blood to the sinus portion's conducting myocardium.
    • The right atrium functions as a unified chamber, similar to the right ventricle.
    • Interpectinate spaces and Thebesian sinusoids may indicate conduction pathways, including the sinus node.