Interactions of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs with phospholipids: comparison between octanol/buffer partition...

A set of seventeen nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), consisting of structurally unrelated carboxylic acids and piroxicam, was examined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on an immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) column that is a solid-phase model of fluid membranes. The chromatographic capacity factors extrapolated to 100% aqueous phase (log KWIAM) were compared with n-octanol/buffer lipophilicity parameters. The interactions with phospholipids were much better predicted from the intrinsic partition coefficient, log P, than from the apparent partition value, log D7.4, indicating that phospholipids can counteract the influence of electrically charged functions of analytes on lipophilic interactions. The log KWIAM and log P values for both NSAIDs and structurally unrelated neutral compounds result in unique scale if uniquely partition-based mechanisms take place. However, an electrostatic repulsion component was observed for the NSAIDs bearing the carboxylic function directly linked to the aromatic ring, and for ibuprofen. Hence, the IAM-derived scale is distinctive from the one obtained by lipophilic parameters. The IC50 values on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in intact cells determined by different authors have been successfully correlated with respective IAM parameters, whereas no correlation was found with COX-1 activity data. These results suggest that membrane affinity may represent an important prerequisite for the specific binding NSAIDs/COX-2.