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Related Experiment Videos

Auditory working memory and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in schizophrenia

J M Gold1, C Carpenter, C Randolph

  • 1Clinical Research Services Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Washington, DC, USA.

Archives of General Psychiatry
|February 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show working memory deficits, impacting Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance. Improving working memory may enhance cognitive flexibility in schizophrenia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Impaired Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance is linked to frontal lobe dysfunction in schizophrenia.
  • The specific cognitive deficits underlying poor WCST performance in schizophrenia remain unclear.
  • Working memory deficits may contribute to impaired WCST performance in schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of working memory in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance in schizophrenia.
  • To identify specific cognitive processes contributing to WCST deficits in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Examined 30 healthy subjects and 36 schizophrenia patients.
  • Administered a neuropsychological battery including a letter-number (LN) span task measuring working memory.

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  • Analyzed the relationship between LN span, WCST performance, and other cognitive measures.

    • Main Results:

    • Schizophrenia patients exhibited impaired performance on the LN span task.
    • LN span performance was highly correlated with WCST performance (r = 0.74).
    • Covarying for LN span eliminated between-group differences in WCST performance; LN span predicted WCST success, while other factors predicted perseveration.

    Conclusions:

    • Working memory deficits are a critical factor in specific aspects of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance in schizophrenia.
    • These findings suggest working memory is a key cognitive domain to target for cognitive remediation in schizophrenia.