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Intussusception in cattle: 336 cases (1964-1993)

P D Constable1, G St Jean, B L Hull

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61501, USA.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|February 15, 1997
PubMed
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Intussusception in cattle is rare but more common in young calves. Surgical outcomes for cattle with intussusception are poor, with survival rates below 50%.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Intussusception, a condition where one segment of intestine telescopes into another, is a significant concern in cattle.
  • Understanding risk factors and outcomes is crucial for improving treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with intussusception in cattle.
  • To describe clinical and laboratory findings, surgical management, and postoperative outcomes.
  • To evaluate the survival rates for cattle treated for intussusception.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based, case-control epidemiologic study and retrospective case series were conducted.
  • Data were collected from medical records of cattle admitted to 17 North American veterinary teaching hospitals.

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  • Epidemiologic and detailed medical record analyses were performed on selected cases.

    • Main Results:

    • 336 cases of intussusception were identified, with small intestinal intussusception being the most common type.
    • Calves under 2 months old had a higher risk of small intestinal intussusception.
    • Elective right flank laparotomy with intestinal resection and anastomosis was the primary surgical approach.
    • Overall survival rate was 35% (20/57), and postoperative survival rate was 43% (20/46).

    Conclusions:

    • Intussusception in cattle, while rare, predominantly affects calves under two months of age.
    • The survival rate for cattle undergoing surgical treatment for intussusception is low, less than 50%.