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Solid-phase microextraction for the analysis of human breath

C Grote1, J Pawliszyn

  • 1Guelph-Waterloo Center for Graduate Work in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Analytical Chemistry
|February 15, 1997
PubMed
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Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) offers a portable method for analyzing ethanol, acetone, and isoprene in breath. This technique provides precise, quantitative results for breath analysis, aiding in patient sampling.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Science

Background:

  • Human breath contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like ethanol, acetone, and isoprene.
  • Accurate quantification of these VOCs is crucial for diagnostic purposes.
  • Existing methods may lack portability or require complex sample preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method for the quantitative determination of ethanol, acetone, and isoprene in human breath.
  • To evaluate different SPME fiber coatings for optimal performance.
  • To assess the method's suitability for clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • SPME using a fused silica fiber with a polymeric stationary phase for extraction and preconcentration.
  • Desorption at 200°C followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of three fiber coatings, including assessment of sensitivity, linear range, precision, and detection limits.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved typical relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 2%-6% depending on the fiber coating and compound.
    • Demonstrated reproducible and linear calibration curves across relevant concentration ranges found in human breath.
    • Confirmed the method's capability to detect acetone and isoprene concentrations typical of healthy subjects.
    • Detailed analysis of temperature and humidity effects on extraction efficiency, establishing a calibration method for varying temperatures.

    Conclusions:

    • SPME coupled with GC/MS is a viable, sensitive, and precise method for quantifying ethanol, acetone, and isoprene in human breath.
    • The developed method is portable, economical, and user-friendly for patient sampling.
    • The technique holds potential for non-invasive breath analysis in clinical settings.