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Skating technique for the straights, based on the optimization of a simulation model
T L Allinger1, A J Van den Bogert
1National Sport Centre Calgary, Human Performance Laboratory, Alberta, Canada.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|February 1, 1997
Summary
This study used a dynamic model to find optimal skating techniques for maximum speed. Results show multiple techniques achieve top speed, influenced by skater power output and strength.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Sports Science
- Computational Modeling
Background:
- The "ideal" skating technique for maximizing speed remains undetermined despite extensive experimental data.
- Key parameters like stroke time, glide time, push-off velocity, and direction lack definitive optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the optimal skating technique for fastest steady-state speed on a straight-away.
- To achieve this using optimization of a dynamic simulation model.
Main Methods:
- Development of a dynamic skater model incorporating anatomical and physiological constraints.
- Inclusion of parameters such as leg length, instantaneous power, and average power.
- Utilizing simulation and optimization techniques to analyze skating mechanics.
Main Results:
- The simulation demonstrated that multiple skating techniques can yield the same steady-state speed.
- Increased average power output enhances top skating speed but narrows the range of optimal techniques.
- Greater instantaneous power output expands the variety of techniques usable for a given speed.
Conclusions:
- The developed model can identify necessary technique adjustments or power improvements for individual skaters to enhance steady-state speed.
- The model's adaptability extends to various skating sports, including speed skating, in-line skating, hockey, and cross-country skiing.