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Structure, function and immunogenicity of streptococcal antigen I/II polypeptides

H F Jenkinson1, D R Demuth

  • 1Department of Oral Biology and Oral Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. howard.jenkinson@stonebow.otago.ac.nz

Molecular Microbiology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Oral streptococci use complex Antigen I/II proteins to adhere to teeth, binding to salivary glycoproteins. These adhesins are key to how these bacteria colonize and survive in the human mouth.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oral streptococci are key colonizers of the human oral cavity.
  • Antigen I/II polypeptides are multifunctional cell-surface adhesins crucial for bacterial attachment.
  • These adhesins possess multiple ligand-binding sites interacting with host molecules and other microbes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structure-function relationship of Antigen I/II proteins in oral streptococci.
  • To investigate the binding properties of different regions of Antigen I/II polypeptides to salivary glycoproteins.
  • To understand the immunological aspects, including T-cell and B-cell epitopes and antibody responses, associated with Antigen I/II proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the multi-functional adhesin structure of Antigen I/II polypeptides.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Characterization of ligand-binding sites within N-terminal and C-terminal regions.
  • Investigation of binding to fluid-phase and surface-immobilized human salivary glycoproteins.
  • Immunological studies to identify T-cell and B-cell epitopes and assess antibody suppression.

    • Main Results:

    • Antigen I/II proteins exhibit distinct binding domains for fluid-phase and immobilized glycoproteins.
    • The N-terminal region binds fluid-phase glycoproteins, while the C-terminal region mediates species-specific adhesion to immobilized glycoproteins.
    • Immunological studies identified various epitopes and suggested natural suppression of antibodies against adhesion-mediating sequences.
    • These properties contribute to effective streptococcal adhesion and colonization.

    Conclusions:

    • The complex structure and dual binding capabilities of Antigen I/II proteins facilitate oral streptococcal adhesion.
    • Immunological tolerance to key adhesion sites may enhance bacterial survival and colonization.
    • Antigen I/II proteins are critical determinants of oral streptococci's success in the human host environment.