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Long-term soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery

L J Bailey1, F M Collie, R P White

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, University of North Carolina, School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill 27599-7450, USA.

The International Journal of Adult Orthodontics and Orthognathic Surgery
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Longer-term soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery (e.g., bilateral sagittal split osteotomy) are similar to normal aging. This study found no significant differences in annualized soft tissue changes between surgical and non-surgical patients up to 5 years post-operation.

Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Orthodontics
  • Facial Plastic Surgery

Background:

  • Soft tissue changes post-orthognathic surgery are often assumed to stabilize by 6-12 months.
  • Longer-term changes may deviate from typical aging patterns in non-surgical individuals.
  • Orthognathic procedures like bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and Le Fort I osteotomy significantly alter facial structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare long-term soft tissue changes in orthognathic surgery patients versus non-surgical controls.
  • To investigate if annualized soft tissue changes differ between 1 year and 3-5 years post-surgery.
  • To assess the long-term stability of soft tissues following specific osteotomy procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective comparison of 79 orthognathic surgery patients (bilateral sagittal split osteotomy or combined with Le Fort I) and 36 control patients.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of soft tissue changes from 1 year to 3-5 years post-surgery.
  • Calculation of average annualized soft tissue changes for each treatment group.

    • Main Results:

    • Soft tissue changes were observed between 1 year and 3-5 years post-surgery in all groups.
    • No statistically significant differences were found in the average annualized soft tissue changes among the orthognathic surgery groups and the control group.
    • The long-term soft tissue alterations in surgically treated patients did not significantly differ from those in non-surgically treated patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Long-term soft tissue changes following orthognathic surgery appear to follow a pattern comparable to normal aging.
    • The specific surgical techniques (bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, Le Fort I osteotomy) did not result in significantly different long-term soft tissue changes compared to non-surgical aging.
    • Current assumptions about prolonged soft tissue instability after orthognathic surgery may need re-evaluation.