Optimization of methods and models in clinical pharmacology

Utilization of methods and models undoubtedly has its merits in the evaluation and interpretation of data in clinical pharmacology, but it is a process that ought to follow rigorous scientific rules and thoughts. For a discussion about optimization-a word concerning the quality of a procedure-the meaning and extent of the terms, methods, and models are defined, and different types of models are identified. In drug development, many steps can be improved, some within the pharmaceutical companies, some in the interaction with other organizations. This situation requires good organization and scientific sincerity. Some of the pitfalls encountered in daily work are described.