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Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia

G Dodda1, B W Trotman

  • 1Gastroenterology Division/Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-University Hospital, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.

Journal of the Association for Academic Minority Physicians : the Official Publication of the Association for Academic Minority Physicians
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia, common in older adults, causes bleeding. Treatment involves endoscopic or angiographic procedures, with hormonal therapy showing promise for specific patient groups.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Angiodysplasia is a common vascular malformation in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly in individuals aged 60 and older.
  • It is a frequent cause of acute or chronic gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • The pathogenesis is thought to be degenerative, possibly due to venous obstruction or hypoxemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and management options for gastrointestinal angiodysplasia.
  • To highlight potential therapeutic strategies, including hormonal therapy for specific patient subsets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of angiodysplasia, encompassing its occurrence, causes, symptoms, and treatment.
  • Discussion of diagnostic tools such as endoscopy and angiography.

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  • Overview of management strategies including surgical, endoscopic, and interventional radiological approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • Angiodysplasia presents a spectrum of bleeding, from occult to massive hemorrhage.
    • Endoscopy and angiography are key diagnostic methods.
    • Treatment options are varied, including surgery, endoscopic obliteration, and embolization.

    Conclusions:

    • Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia is a significant cause of bleeding in the elderly, with degenerative origins.
    • Effective management relies on accurate diagnosis and tailored interventions.
    • Hormonal therapy (estrogen-progesterone) may benefit patients with associated conditions like Osler-Rendu-Weber disease or chronic renal failure.