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Thyroid hormone receptor beta 1 expression in developing mouse limbs and face

T Nagasawa1, S Suzuki, T Takeda

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.

Endocrinology
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Thyroid hormone receptor beta 1 (TR beta 1) promoter activity was studied in fetal mice. High TR beta 1 expression was found in developing limbs and face, similar to amphibian metamorphosis.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Thyroid hormone and its receptors (TRs) are crucial for vertebrate development and amphibian metamorphosis.
  • Understanding the spatiotemporal regulation of TR beta 1 gene expression is vital for comprehending developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the precise location and timing of TR beta 1 promoter activation during mouse fetal development.
  • To correlate TR beta 1 expression patterns with known developmental events, such as apoptosis and differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • An in vivo functional study using transgenic mice carrying a TR beta 1 promoter-driven beta-galactosidase reporter gene.
  • Analysis of transgene expression via X-gal staining in fetal and neonatal mouse tissues at various developmental stages (9.5 F to adult).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Confirmation of TR beta 1 messenger RNA expression using RT-PCR in developing tissues.

    • Main Results:

    • High transgene expression was observed in fetal limbs and face at 12.5 and 14.5 days post-coitum (F), mirroring amphibian metamorphosis, and diminished by 17.5 F.
    • Specific expression sites included finger bone tips, interdigital spaces, whisker follicles, nose, eyes, oral/nasal cavities, lungs, and urogenital sinus.
    • Early expression in the midbrain and auditory vesicles (9.5 F) decreased over time, with cortical expression appearing postnatally (after P5).
    • Adult expression was detected in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, kidney, and liver.
    • RT-PCR confirmed TR beta 1 mRNA in developing limbs and face.

    Conclusions:

    • The TR beta 1 promoter is activated in specific mammalian embryonic tissues undergoing significant developmental changes, including apoptosis and differentiation.
    • Expression patterns in limbs and face suggest a conserved role for TR beta 1 in developmental processes across vertebrates.
    • TR beta 1 plays a role in both apoptotic and differentiation processes during mammalian development.