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Intracellular Ca2+ signalling in secretory cells

T J Shuttleworth1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642, USA. tshut@pharmacol.rochester.edu

The Journal of Experimental Biology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Cellular ion and fluid secretion relies on precise calcium signaling. New research reveals arachidonic acid independently activates calcium entry, crucial for oscillatory signals and coordinated secretion.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ion and fluid secretion are vital for animal homeostasis.
  • Neurotransmitters and hormones regulate secretion, often via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) and increased cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i).
  • Elevated [Ca2+]i results from intracellular store release and extracellular entry, balanced to avoid toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the integration of calcium release and entry mechanisms in regulating cytosolic calcium.
  • To explore the role of arachidonic acid in calcium signaling during physiological stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of intracellular calcium dynamics.
  • Investigation of calcium release from intracellular stores.
  • Examination of calcium entry pathways.

Main Results:

  • Calcium signaling involves both InsP3-mediated release and extracellular entry.
  • The "capacitative" model explains calcium entry upon store depletion.
  • Arachidonic acid independently activates calcium entry, contributing to oscillatory [Ca2+]i responses.

Conclusions:

  • Calcium release and entry are tightly coordinated for precise control of cytosolic calcium.
  • Arachidonic acid-activated calcium entry is essential for generating physiological calcium oscillations.
  • This coordinated mechanism ensures finely tuned regulation of agonist-induced cellular responses.

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