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[Surgical emergency induced by chest tumors]
1Dept. of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chiba University.
Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|February 1, 1997
Summary
This review covers emergency treatments for chest tumors, including carcinomatous pleuritis, airway stenosis using laser or stents, and airway bleeding with bronchofiberscopic ethanol injection for improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Thoracic oncology
- Interventional pulmonology
- Emergency medicine
Background:
- Chest tumors present critical emergencies requiring prompt and effective therapeutic interventions.
- Common emergencies include carcinomatous pleuritis, airway stenosis, and airway bleeding.
Observation:
- Carcinomatous pleuritis management involves pleural effusion drainage, intrathoracic chemotherapy, and pleurodesis.
- Airway stenosis can be treated with Nd:YAG laser irradiation or airway stents (silicon or metallic), with varying advantages and disadvantages.
- Bronchofiberscopic ethanol injection (BEI) is highly effective for continuous central airway bleeding.
Findings:
- Laser irradiation and stent insertion significantly improve prognosis for airway stenosis.
- BEI demonstrated 100% effectiveness in 33 lung cancer cases with central airway bleeding.
- Standard procedures for cardiac tamponade, SVC syndrome, and fistulas are also outlined.
Implications:
- This review provides essential guidance for oncologists and surgeons managing life-threatening emergencies caused by chest tumors.
- Adoption of advanced techniques like laser therapy and stenting can enhance patient survival and quality of life.
- Standardized emergency protocols are crucial for optimal patient care in thoracic oncology.