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Nitrate-reducing bacteria on rat tongues

H Li1, C Duncan, J Townend

  • 1Department of Plant & Soil Science, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Tongue bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus sciuri, significantly increase towards the posterior, producing nitrite. This nitrite may help defend against food-borne pathogens via nitric oxide formation in the stomach.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oral Microbiome
  • Bacterial Metabolism

Background:

  • Nitrite-producing bacteria (NPB) inhabit mammalian tongues.
  • The distribution and function of these bacteria are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify NPB on rat tongues.
  • To quantify NPB distribution and nitrite production.
  • To explore the role of tongue NPB in host defense.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of NPB from rat tongue sections.
  • Morphometric quantification and culturable bacteria enumeration (CFU).
  • Analysis of NPB species composition and nitrite production sensitivity to oxygen.

Main Results:

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  • Staphylococcus sciuri was the predominant NPB, followed by S. intermedius, Pasteurella spp., and Streptococcus spp.
  • Bacterial density and NPB proportion increased significantly towards the posterior tongue, residing in deep clefts.
  • Nitrite production was localized to the posterior tongue and oxygen-sensitive.

Conclusions:

  • Tongue bacteria, especially S. sciuri, are crucial for nitrite production from nitrate.
  • Posterior tongue NPB may contribute to host defense against food-borne pathogens through nitric oxide formation in the stomach.