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Smoking among suicide attempters

S Beratis1, N P Lekka, J Gabriel

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Patras School of Medicine, Greece.

Comprehensive Psychiatry
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Female suicide attempters smoke significantly more cigarettes than control groups, regardless of psychiatric diagnosis. This study highlights a strong link between smoking and suicide attempts in women, though the cause remains unclear.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Smoking is a prevalent behavior globally.
  • Suicide attempts represent a significant public health concern.
  • The relationship between nicotine dependence and suicidal behavior requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between smoking habits and suicide attempts.
  • To compare smoking patterns in individuals who attempted suicide versus control groups.
  • To explore differences in smoking behaviors based on gender and psychiatric status.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study design was employed.
  • Participants included 100 suicide attempters, 100 matched controls, and 60 psychiatric controls.
  • Data collected included smoking status, daily cigarette consumption, and psychiatric diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • Female suicide attempters showed significantly higher rates of smoking compared to controls.
  • Higher daily cigarette consumption (≥40 for females, ≥50 for males) was more frequent in attempters.
  • Increased smoking was observed in female attempters, both with and without psychiatric disorders, compared to their respective controls.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking is significantly associated with suicide attempts, particularly in females.
  • The etiological link between smoking and suicide attempts requires further research.
  • Findings suggest smoking may be a relevant factor in suicide attempt risk assessment.

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