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Universal precautions: costs for protective equipment

S Danchaivijitr1, T Tangtrakool, S Chokloikaew

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol, University, Bangkok, Thailand.

American Journal of Infection Control
|February 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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This study analyzed protective equipment costs for universal precautions in Thai hospitals. Optimizing usage could save millions in healthcare expenditures.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Management
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Costs and utilization of protective equipment for universal precautions in Thailand remained unquantified.
  • Universal precautions are critical for infection control in healthcare settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of procedures necessitating universal precautions.
  • To quantify the amount and cost of protective equipment required.
  • To analyze the financial implications of universal precautions in Thai hospitals.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 Thai government hospitals.
  • Data collected on clinical and laboratory procedures and associated protective equipment needs.
  • Expenditures for protective equipment were calculated based on procedure volume.

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Main Results:

  • Annual expenditures for protective equipment reached $2.4 million (U.S.) across 24 hospitals, with a projected national cost of $41.5 million.
  • The cost of protective equipment increased 2.5-fold after implementing universal precautions.
  • Average costs per patient were $5.37 for inpatient stays and $0.15 for outpatient visits.

Conclusions:

  • Significant overuse of gloves and gowns, and underuse of other protective gear (e.g., masks, goggles), were observed.
  • Appropriate utilization of universal precautions equipment can lead to substantial healthcare cost savings.
  • Optimizing protective equipment use can redirect funds to other essential healthcare services.