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Graves' disease associated with exophthalmos, cerebral ventricular dilatation and accelerated growth
1Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Insights
This report details a young girl diagnosed with Graves' disease, experiencing hyperthyroidism. A rare finding of reversible brain ventricle dilatation was observed and resolved with treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Endocrinology
- Neurology
Background:
- Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism.
- Early-onset Graves' disease in children requires careful monitoring for unique manifestations.
Observation:
- A pediatric patient presented with hyperthyroid symptoms before age one.
- Key clinical signs included accelerated skeletal maturation, linear growth, and notably, brain ventricle dilatation.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with Graves' disease at 1.7 years old.
- Brain ventricle dilatation, a previously unreported manifestation, was observed.
- Antithyroid treatment for three years normalized thyroid function and reversed ventricle dilatation.
Implications:
- This case highlights the diverse and potentially reversible neurological complications of pediatric hyperthyroidism.
- It underscores the importance of comprehensive assessment and timely intervention in managing early-onset Graves' disease.
- The reversibility of brain ventricle dilatation suggests a direct link to thyroid hormone levels.
Abstract:
A report is presented of a girl with Graves' disease, which was diagnosed at the age of 1.7 years. The mother had no thyroid disease. The patient developed signs of hyperthyroidism shortly before her first birthday, and the most prominent manifestations were accelerated skeletal maturation and linear growth, and dilatation of the brain ventricles. The latter manifestation, which has not been reported previously, was reversible upon normalisation of thyroid function with antithyroid treatment for three years.