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Oncologic emergencies: implications for nurses

W L Woodard1, D K Hogan

  • 1Blumenthal Cancer Center, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.

Journal of Intravenous Nursing : the Official Publication of the Intravenous Nurses Society
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Oncologic emergencies encompass various crises like neurologic and metabolic issues, requiring specialized nursing skills for early detection and better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology Nursing
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Oncologic emergencies present a diverse range of clinical challenges.
  • Prompt recognition and management are critical for patient survival and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To categorize oncologic emergencies.
  • To outline essential nursing skills for managing these critical events.
  • To emphasize the importance of early detection and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of oncologic emergencies into distinct categories.
  • Identification of characteristic symptoms, physical findings, and laboratory abnormalities for each category.
  • Delineation of key nursing competencies required for patient care.

Main Results:

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  • Oncologic emergencies are categorized into neurologic, cardiopulmonary, metabolic, hematologic, infectious, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and infusion-related crises.
  • Each category presents unique clinical manifestations and diagnostic indicators.
  • Essential nursing skills include systematic patient assessment, IV line management, laboratory monitoring, and recognition of specific complications like allergic reactions and extravasation.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach to understanding and managing oncologic emergencies is essential.
  • Nurses play a pivotal role in the early detection and effective management of these critical conditions.
  • Anticipating and recognizing oncologic syndromes can significantly improve patient outcomes.