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Frequency of coronary heart disease and related risk factors in a diabetic and nondiabetic population: a comparative
M Lunetta1, A Barbagallo, T Attardo
1Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism University of Catania, Italy.
Insights
Type 2 diabetes significantly increases the risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and related factors like hypertension and obesity. This risk is notably higher in women with diabetes compared to men.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes is a growing global health concern.
- Cardiovascular complications, including Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), are major causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients.
- Understanding the prevalence of CHD and associated risk factors in type 2 diabetes is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the frequency of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and risk factors between type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetic individuals.
- To identify key risk factors associated with CHD in type 2 diabetes.
- To investigate the impact of glycemic control on CHD risk.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 733 type 2 diabetic patients and 3500 matched non-diabetic subjects.
- Assessment of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and visceral adipose tissue distribution.
- Analysis of risk factors and their association with CHD, stratified by sex and glycemic control.
Main Results:
- Diabetic subjects exhibited significantly higher frequencies of CHD, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and visceral adipose tissue compared to non-diabetic controls.
- The risk of CHD was substantially greater in diabetic women (4.22 times) than in diabetic men (2.6 times).
- CHD was predominantly associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and visceral adipose tissue (over 50% of cases).
- Elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, and CHD frequency were observed in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control, particularly women.
Conclusions:
- Type 2 diabetes is a significant independent risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD).
- Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and visceral obesity are key contributors to CHD in diabetic individuals.
- Poor glycemic control exacerbates CHD risk, especially in diabetic women.
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and some related risk factors since as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity and visceral distribution of adipose tissue on 733 type 2 diabetic patients in ambulatory care compared to 3500 nondiabetic subjects, matched for age and sex. The frequency of CHD, hyperlipidemias, hypertension, obesity and visceral distribution of adipose tissue was significantly higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. The risk for CHD was greater in diabetic vs nondiabetic women (4.22) as compared to diabetic vs nondiabetic men (2.6). CHD was mostly associated (over 50% of cases) with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and visceral distribution of adipose tissue. Both cholesterol and triglyceride values, such as CHD frequency, were higher in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control with respect to those with acceptable glycemic, especially in women.