[Diet therapy of hyperlipidemias (hyperlipoproteinemias)]

The therapy of hyperlipidaemias is based on the realisation of few principles of nutrition. Reduction of the weight and energy-controlled permanent nutrition, respectively, has in a distinctly marked degree influence on the majority of the hypertriglyceridaemias. Also mixed hyperlipidaemias as well as hypercholesterolaemias if associated with overweight, show a good reactivity to calorie-restricted forms of diet. Increased bodily motion, also negativation of the energy balance by influencing the consumption of calories is also an excellent measure for the quick decrease of the triglyceride levels. Specific mechanisms increasing the triglyceride concentration can be excluded by a restriction of the sugar and alcohol consumption. Primary hyercholesterolaemias in normal body-weight can be influenced by a decrease and/or changing of the fat consumption in the sense wanted. Since there have been possible comparable decreases of the cholesterol level by forms of diet of different fat content, when the relation of repeatedly unsaturated to saturated fatty acids furthermore exists, here is the possibility for the adaptation to individual habits of nutrition. However, own investigations allow the conclusion that the total addition of fat should lie below 35 kcal %. Whether the coronary risk can be diminished by a nutrition decreasing lipids, was investigated in a number of studies during the last 20 years. Summarzing, a primary prevention by changing the nutrition seems to be possible; chances of success for the secondary prevention - the prophylaxis of the reinfarction - are less well confirmed.