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Related Experiment Videos

In vitro lymphocyte proliferation as compared to patch test using gold, palladium and nickel

K Cederbrant1, P Hultman, J A Marcusson

  • 1Department of Surgery, Linköping University, Sweden.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) and MELISA (memory lymphocyte immunostimulation assay) show similar low specificity for diagnosing metal allergies. These in vitro tests may yield too many false positives for reliable diagnosis of gold, palladium, and nickel contact allergy.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Allergy Diagnostics

Background:

  • Metal allergy diagnosis often relies on patch testing.
  • In vitro lymphoproliferative assays like LTT and MELISA have been proposed as alternatives.
  • Assessing the diagnostic accuracy of these in vitro methods is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the diagnostic performance of a conventional lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) against the MELISA (memory lymphocyte immunostimulation assay).
  • To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of both assays for diagnosing metal allergy.
  • To determine the utility of these in vitro tests using patch testing as the reference standard.

Main Methods:

  • 34 patients underwent patch testing for gold, palladium, and nickel sulfates.

Related Experiment Videos

  • In vitro lymphocyte proliferation assays (LTT and MELISA) were performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  • Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for both LTT and MELISA.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in sensitivity and specificity were observed between MELISA and conventional LTT.
    • Sensitivity ranged from 55% to 95% for the tested assays.
    • Specificity varied widely, ranging from 17% to 79%.

    Conclusions:

    • Both MELISA and conventional LTT demonstrated low specificity in diagnosing contact allergy to gold, palladium, and nickel.
    • The high rate of false-positive results suggests these in vitro assays are not currently useful for clinical diagnosis.
    • Further refinement of in vitro diagnostic methods for metal allergy is warranted.