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Of genomes and proteomes
1Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|February 3, 1997
Summary
The post-genome era requires understanding gene functions. This review explores using 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to map and identify proteins, creating essential proteome databases.
Area of Science:
- Genomics and Proteomics
- Molecular Biology
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- The completion of genome sequencing projects yields vast amounts of data requiring annotation and functional deciphering.
- Understanding gene function and regulatory networks is crucial for organismal physiology in the post-genome era.
- The concept of the proteome (total protein complement) emerged with advancements in protein separation techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of 2D gel electrophoresis in constructing proteome maps.
- To highlight advances in mass spectrometry for large-scale protein identification.
- To emphasize the necessity of these techniques for creating comprehensive proteome databases.
Main Methods:
- Two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis for separating proteins from cell extracts.
- Mass spectrometry for the rapid, large-scale, and automated identification of proteins.
- Integration of gene expression profiling and protein quantitation.
Main Results:
- 2D gel electrophoresis provides a basis for proteome map construction.
- Advances in mass spectrometry enable efficient protein identification.
- Systematic mapping of the proteome is becoming increasingly feasible.
Conclusions:
- Deciphering the function of novel open reading frames is a key challenge in the post-genome era.
- Proteome mapping using 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry is essential for understanding cellular function.
- Automated protein identification is critical for building large-scale proteome databases.