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Case characteristics and trends in pediatric tuberculosis, Maryland, 1986-1993

C P Chaulk1, L Khoo, D L Matuszak

  • 1Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore MD 21202, USA. patc@aecf.org

Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Maryland declined from 1986-1993, with peaks in young children and adolescents. Case characteristics varied by age, with lower socioeconomic status linked to higher TB rates in children.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The national resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) prompted investigations into disease trends.
  • Understanding pediatric TB incidence and characteristics is crucial for effective control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify trends and case characteristics of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) in Maryland.
  • To analyze pediatric TB during a period of national disease resurgence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 248 pediatric TB cases (ages 0-19) reported to the Maryland state registry.
  • Data collected between 1986 and 1993.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric TB incidence in Maryland showed a downward trend but a bimodal pattern (peaks in <5 years and adolescents).
  • Adolescents with TB were more likely to have positive AFB smears, cultures, and cavitary X-rays compared to younger children.
  • Children with TB resided in areas with lower median family income and higher unemployment rates.

Conclusions:

  • A decline in adult TB was mirrored by a decline in pediatric TB in Maryland.
  • Age-specific case characteristics are valuable for diagnosing pediatric TB.
  • State TB registries are essential for tracking disease, monitoring control, and confirming characteristics, especially during budget constraints.

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