Extensive shoulder capsule tearing as a main cause of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation

Anterior capsular and ligamentous injuries occur frequently at initial traumatic shoulder dislocation. However, these injuries have not been considered to be one of the main causes of recurrent anterior dislocation, which is believed to heal spontaneously. We evaluated five joints of five patients in which tears in the middle portion of the anterior capsule including the inferior glenohumeral ligament were considered to be the main cause of recurrent dislocation. History of present illness and physical and plain x-ray results were not specific. The only specific finding was a diverticulum-like expansion at the anteroinferior portion of the joint on arthrographic computed tomography. Treatment consisted of anatomic repair of the capsule and concurrent injuries. The outcome of the three cases in which at least 2 years had passed after surgery was excellent. The point of emphasis is that tears of the anterior capsule are one of the primary lesions in recurrent anterior dislocation.