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The accessory phrenic nerve in the rat

J Gottschall, H Gruber

    Anatomy and Embryology
    |August 9, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers discovered an accessory phrenic nerve in rats, originating from the C6 nerve root. This nerve contributes to diaphragm innervation, alongside the main phrenic nerve from C4 and C5.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Anatomy
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Diaphragm reinnervation studies prompted a closer look at normal phrenic nerve anatomy in rats.
    • Previous understanding of phrenic nerve origins primarily focused on cervical nerve roots C4 and C5.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and detail the normal anatomy of the rat phrenic nerve.
    • To identify any accessory nerve contributions to diaphragm innervation.

    Main Methods:

    • Anatomical dissection and nerve fiber analysis in a cohort of normal Sprague-Dawley rats.
    • Histological examination to quantify myelinated axons in identified nerves.

    Main Results:

    • An accessory phrenic nerve was identified in 16 out of 19 rats, originating from the C6 cervical nerve root.

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  • The accessory phrenic nerve contained a mean of 64.3 myelinated axons (approximately 15% of the common phrenic nerve's axon count).
  • This accessory nerve innervates specific regions of the hemidiaphragm (dorsal costal and lateral crural), with C4 and C5 supplying the remainder.

    • Conclusions:

    • The rat phrenic nerve system includes a significant accessory component from C6, crucial for diaphragm innervation.
    • No contribution from intercostal nerves to the motor innervation of the diaphragm was observed.
    • This detailed anatomical description provides a foundation for understanding diaphragm function and potential reinnervation strategies.