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Related Experiment Videos

Bacteriocin from Actinomyces odontolyticus with temperature-dependent killing properties

C K Franker, C A Herbert, S Ueda

    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
    |September 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Actinomyces odontolyticus produces a heat-sensitive bacteriocin effective against bifidobacteria at 42°C. This substance, odontolyticin, requires extraction from solid cultures and shows specific activity, offering insights into bacterial interactions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Bacteriology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Actinomyces odontolyticus, isolated from human dental plaque, produces antimicrobial substances.
    • Bacteriocins are proteinaceous toxins with antimicrobial activity, often strain-specific.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize a novel bacteriocin produced by Actinomyces odontolyticus.
    • To investigate the production, purification, and activity of this bacteriocin against bifidobacteria.

    Main Methods:

    • Extraction of bacteriocin from pour plate cultures.
    • Diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatography for partial purification.
    • Assays to determine temperature, pH, and enzymatic stability.

    Main Results:

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    • A non-dialyzable, trypsin-sensitive bacteriocin (odontolyticin) was produced at 42°C but not 37°C.
    • Bacteriocin activity was optimal at 42°C, showing exponential killing after initial cell doubling.
    • The bacteriocin was inactivated by pronase, trypsin, heat, and extreme pH, but not by nucleases or lipase.

    Conclusions:

    • Odontolyticin is a heat-labile bacteriocin produced by Actinomyces odontolyticus with specific activity against certain bifidobacteria.
    • Production is linked to solid culture conditions, and purification involves chromatographic methods.
    • The bacteriocin's properties suggest a proteinaceous nature and potential role in microbial competition within dental plaque.