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Lung liquid production rates and volumes do not decrease before labor in healthy fetal sheep

A Lines1, S B Hooper, R Harding

  • 1Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
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Fetal lung liquid volume and production rates do not decrease before labor onset in sheep. This indicates that the full volume of fetal lung liquid requires clearance after labor begins.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Perinatal Physiology
  • Fetal Development

Background:

  • Previous research suggested a decrease in fetal lung liquid volume and production late in gestation.
  • This proposed decrease was thought to prepare the fetal lungs for liquid clearance at birth.
  • Earlier studies by our group did not observe this decrease near term.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in fetal lung liquid volume and production rate in ovine fetuses.
  • To examine these parameters during the final two weeks of gestation up to the onset of labor.
  • To clarify the physiological state of fetal lungs preceding birth.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized chronically catheterized fetal sheep (n=8).
  • Measured fetal lung liquid volume and production rates at specific gestational ages (130, 135, 140 days) and every two days until labor onset.

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  • Monitored uterine activity and intrauterine pressure to detect the onset of labor.

    • Main Results:

    • Fetal lung liquid volume per kilogram did not significantly change from 19 days before labor (40.4 ml/kg) to 0.7 days before labor (44.8 ml/kg).
    • Lung liquid production rates per hour per kilogram also showed no significant decrease, remaining stable from 19 days prior (5.1 ml/h/kg) to 0.7 days prior (3.4 ml/h/kg) to labor.
    • Labor onset occurred at a mean gestational age of 147 days in fetuses weighing approximately 5.0 kg.

    Conclusions:

    • Healthy ovine fetuses do not exhibit a reduction in lung liquid volume or production rate before the onset of labor.
    • The findings challenge previous assumptions about pre-labor lung liquid dynamics.
    • The entire volume of fetal lung liquid must be cleared post-labor onset, highlighting the importance of perinatal transition mechanisms.