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Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index and its reversion in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
S Paul1, R L Bezbaruah, M K Roy
1Division of Biochemistry, Regional Research Laboratory, Jorhat, Assam, India.
Abstract:
The MAR indexes of hospital isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined with reference to nine different cephalosporins. The values for all the strains were higher than 0.2 suggesting their origin from a high risk source of contamination where antibiotics are often used. Emergence of MAR pathogenic strains of Ps. aeruginosa indicated possible nosocomial infection in the hospital environment. beta-Lactamases produced by these organisms were tested and their inhibition by clavulanic acid was studied. beta-Lactamase produced by one of these strains (Ps-1) could not be inhibited by clavulanic acid whereas beta-lactamases of three other strains (Ps-2, Ps-3 and Ps-4) could be inhibited by clavulanic acid in the presence of cephalosporins, suggesting a possible use of clavulanic acid in combination with cephalosporins, to combat beta-lactamase induced resistance in Ps. aeruginosa.
Insights
High antibiotic use in hospitals creates multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Beta-lactamase enzymes in these strains show varied inhibition by clavulanic acid, suggesting combination therapy potential.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Pharmacy
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital isolates exhibit high Multidrug Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) indexes.
- Elevated MAR indexes suggest contamination from high-antibiotic-use environments, indicating potential nosocomial infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the MAR indexes of hospital-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
- To investigate the production and inhibition of beta-lactamases in these resistant strains by clavulanic acid.
Main Methods:
- Determination of MAR indexes for Pseudomonas aeruginosa against nine cephalosporins.
- Testing for beta-lactamase production and its inhibition by clavulanic acid.
Main Results:
- All tested Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains showed MAR indexes above 0.2.
- Beta-lactamase from one strain (Ps-1) was not inhibited by clavulanic acid.
- Beta-lactamases from three strains (Ps-2, Ps-3, Ps-4) were inhibited by clavulanic acid with cephalosporins.
Conclusions:
- High MAR indexes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa suggest significant hospital-associated antibiotic resistance.
- Clavulanic acid shows potential for combination therapy with cephalosporins against specific beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
- Further research is warranted to explore effective treatment strategies for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.