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[Immune thrombocytopenia, anemia and leukopenia during pregnancy. Successful therapy with extracorporeal
U Julius1, A Patzak, M Schaich
1Institut und Poliklinik für Klinische Stoffwechselforschung, Medizinischen Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden.
History And Clinical Findings:
A 28-year-old woman in her fourth pregnancy had a positive direct Race-Coombs test in her 14th week of pregnancy. About 6 weeks later she developed marked anaemia, severe thrombocytopenia and leukopenia with nose-bleeds as well as petechiae over the lower abdomen and the inguinal regions.
Investigations:
Platelet count was 7000/microliter, haemoglobin concentration 4.8 mmol/l (7.73 g/dl) and WBC count 2600/microliter). Bleeding time was markedly prolonged. Erythrocyte-attached immunoglobulin G and complement components as well as antithrombocyte and antigranulocyte antibodies were demonstrated. Haemoblastosis or aplastic anaemia was excluded by bone marrow examination.
Treatment And Course:
The pancytopenia with immune thrombocytopenia, autohaemolytic anaemia and associated leukopenia were classified as Evans syndrome. Administration of glucocorticoids and of immunoglobulins intravenously for 5 days failed to improve the blood picture significantly. But platelet count rose significantly on immunoadsorption (Ig Therasorb columns), allowing the pregnancy to proceed.
Conclusion:
In life-threatening states Ig immunoadsorption can achieve well tolerated, effective and specific elimination of pathogenetically relevant antibodies against blood cells and can also be applied in pregnant women.