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Gravity Waves in Jupiter's Thermosphere

Young1, Yelle, Young

  • 1L. A. Young and R. V. Yelle, Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. R. Young, Space Science Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. A. Seiff, Department of Meteorology, San Jose State University Foundation, CA 95192, USA. D. B. Kirk, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 4, 1997
PubMed
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Gravity waves detected in Jupiter's thermosphere explain its high temperatures. This atmospheric heating mechanism, observed by the Galileo probe, likely applies to other giant planets, solving a long-standing planetary science mystery.

Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Atmospheric Physics
  • Aeronomy

Background:

  • Jupiter's thermosphere exhibits unexpectedly high temperatures.
  • The source of this thermal energy has been a long-standing question in planetary science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cause of temperature increases in Jupiter's thermosphere.
  • To determine if gravity waves contribute to thermospheric heating.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the Galileo probe's Atmosphere Structure Instrument.
  • Identification of wavelike temperature fluctuations in Jupiter's thermosphere.

Main Results:

  • Detection of wavelike temperature fluctuations superimposed on a 700 K temperature increase.

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  • These fluctuations are consistent with viscously damped gravity waves.
  • Gravity wave heating explains the observed thermospheric temperature increase.

    • Conclusions:

    • Gravity waves are a significant source of heating in Jupiter's thermosphere.
    • This mechanism is likely relevant for the thermospheres of other giant planets.
    • Gravity wave damping offers a solution to the energy source problem for giant planet thermospheres.