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Mental resources, processing speed, and inhibitory control: a developmental perspective

K R Ridderinkhof1, M W van der Molen

  • 1University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychology, The Netherlands. op_Ridderinkhof@macmail.psy.uva.nl

Biological Psychology
|March 21, 1997
PubMed
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This study challenges the idea that processing speed is a universal resource. Research indicates that cognitive development is not driven by a global increase in processing speed but rather by improvements in inhibitory control.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Theories propose that information processing speed acts as a fundamental cognitive resource.
  • This resource is thought to influence all cognitive processes proportionally with age.
  • This perspective likens cognitive development to a microcomputer's increasing clock speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the claim that processing speed is a universal processing resource.
  • To investigate whether age-related changes in processing speed affect all cognitive processes uniformly.
  • To examine the role of inhibitory control in cognitive development.

Main Methods:

  • Re-analysis of existing behavioral data.
  • Re-analysis of existing psychophysiological data.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Evidence contradicts the concept of a global increase in children's processing speed.
  • The claim that processing speed is a universal mental resource is refuted.
  • Inhibitory control emerges as a key factor in cognitive development.

Conclusions:

  • Processing speed does not function as a universal resource impacting all cognitive functions equally.
  • Developmental changes in cognition are better explained by the maturation of inhibitory control.
  • The development of inhibitory control is relevant to understanding age-related changes in cognitive capacity.