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Alterations in mouse Peyer's patch lymphocyte phenotype after ethanol consumption

M C Lopez1, B Watzl, L L Colombo

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724, USA.

Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Chronic ethanol consumption significantly reduces immune cells in Peyer's patches (PP) in mice. Micronutrient supplementation may mitigate this alcohol-induced immune damage, impacting mucosal immunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Chronic alcohol consumption is linked to increased susceptibility to infections.
  • Peyer's patches (PP) are crucial sites for mucosal immune responses.
  • Ethanol's impact on the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, specifically PP, requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of chronic ethanol consumption on cell populations within the Peyer's patches (PP) in mice.
  • To determine if ethanol-induced alterations in PP could predispose to infections.
  • To assess the potential role of micronutrient supplementation in mitigating ethanol-induced immune damage.

Main Methods:

  • Mice (C57BL/6 and FVB strains) were administered diets with varying ethanol concentrations (Lieber-DeCarli, NRC) for different durations.

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  • Cell populations and phenotypes within the Peyer's patches were analyzed.
  • Changes in total cell counts, T cells, and B cells were quantified.

    • Main Results:

    • Chronic ethanol consumption led to a significant decrease in total cells in the Peyer's patches.
    • A significant reduction in T and B cell numbers was observed in mature mice on ethanol diets.
    • Similar alterations in T and B cell phenotypes were noted with shorter-term, lower-dose ethanol exposure, suggesting a dose- and time-dependent effect.

    Conclusions:

    • Ethanol administration significantly alters the mucosal immune system at the Peyer's patch level.
    • These alterations may compromise the immune system's ability to respond to antigens and induce mucosal immunity.
    • Micronutrient supplementation might offer a protective strategy against alcohol-induced immune damage in the Peyer's patches.